Document Type : research
Authors
1 MA in Economic Sciences – Islamic Banking, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 MA in Economic Sciences – Islamic Banking, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Level Three student, Khorasan Seminary, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract
In recent years, the advancement of financial technologies has prompted many countries to develop Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). The Central Bank of Iran has also launched the "Digital Rial" project to enhance financial transparency, better control monetary policies, and reduce transaction costs. This study examines the jurisprudential (Fiqh) aspects of the Digital Rial, analyzing its legal challenges under Islamic financial principles. Key concerns include its legitimacy as a form of wealth, the potential occurrence of usury (riba), risks associated with value fluctuations and transaction security, and the issue of money creation without proper backing. Findings suggest that the Sharia compliance of the Digital Rial depends on preventing riba, controlling money supply, ensuring a stable value, and maintaining transparency in transactions. Additionally, the experiences of Islamic countries like Indonesia and Malaysia highlight the importance of continuous Sharia oversight and the implementation of smart contracts that align with Islamic principles. Ultimately, this paper recommends that Iran’s Central Bank adopt global best practices and establish an independent Sharia committee to oversee the design and implementation of the Digital Rial.
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