نوع مقاله : ترویجی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی شهید محلاتی (ره)، قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
The mandatory liquidation clause in cryptocurrency leverage trading is an automated mechanism for closing loss-making positions to protect the platform's capital and ensure financial system stability. The fundamental issue is whether the ambiguity in the timing and exact price of liquidation at the moment of contract conclusion constitutes a case of gross gharar (excessive uncertainty) and renders the transaction void. This research, employing a descriptive-analytical method with an ijtihad approach and using library resources, demonstrates that through a substantive distinction between "commercial risk arising from future fluctuations" and "gharar in the contract elements," the mandatory liquidation clause is not only not considered voiding gharar but also a rational tool for risk management and realization of contractual justice. This clause can be analyzed in the form of a "suspensive resolutory condition contingent upon a quantified attribute," and algorithmic transparency in smart contracts eliminates ignorance regarding the condition's occurrence. However, the validity of these transactions is contingent upon two essential conditions: first, the technical soundness of oracles and transparency of the reference price; second, the absence of price manipulation by the platform. Compliance with these conditions provides the necessary religious basis for the operation of trading platforms.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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