تاملی در ارتباط فلسفۀ اخلاق و اقتصاد آدام اسمیت، راهی برای اقتصاد اسلامی

Adam Smith, in his two works The Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations, presents a novel approach to the philosophy of ethics and economics. By focusing on concepts such as empathy, imagination, and the impartial spectator, he lays the philosophical foundations of his economic theory. In contrast to the approaches of Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, who posited a divide between human emotions and intellect/God, Smith and Hume sought to define the basis of ethics within the realm of imagination and empathy. Although this approach leads to the rejection of intrinsic goodness and badness, it offers a different perspective on ethical concepts. John Milbank's critique of Smith's theological viewpoint and Mulla Sadra's proposal of transcendent wisdom, through with the idea of Ideal immateriality (Tajarrode Mesali), provide a solution to overcoming this great distance and discontinuity. In Mulla Sadra's view, Ideal immateriality is accessible to all humans and allows for the preservation of intrinsic goodness and badness. This approach could serve as an ethical foundation for Islamic economics, though achieving a practical model requires further research.